What Is Gastritis? Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

What Is Gastritis?

Gastritis is a condition where the lining of your stomach becomes inflamed. This inflammation can happen suddenly or develop slowly over time. Because the stomach lining helps protect your stomach from acid, any damage can cause pain or discomfort. Many people experience gastritis at some point in their lives. However, with the right care, most cases improve quickly. According to the World Health Organization, gastritis is common worldwide.

Common Causes of Gastritis

There are several reasons why someone might develop gastritis. Often, more than one factor is involved. Below are some common causes:

Infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria

Regular use of pain relievers like aspirin or ibuprofen

Drinking too much alcohol

Stress from severe illness or injury

Eating spicy or irritating foods

Autoimmune conditions that attack the stomach lining

Sometimes, gastritis can also be caused by other infections or medical treatments. In the United States and around the world, H. pylori infection is a leading cause.

Symptoms of Gastritis

Gastritis symptoms can vary from person to person. Some people may not notice any signs at all. Still, many people experience one or more of the following:

Stomach pain or burning

Nausea or vomiting

Feeling full quickly after eating

Loss of appetite

Bloating or burping

In rare cases, vomiting blood or black stools

Because these symptoms can also happen with other stomach problems, it is important to pay attention to how you feel. If symptoms last more than a few days, you should seek medical advice.

How Is Gastritis Diagnosed?

Doctors use several methods to diagnose gastritis. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they may perform a physical exam. Sometimes, doctors order tests to confirm the diagnosis, such as:

Blood tests to check for anemia or infection

Stool tests to look for blood or bacteria

Breath tests for H. pylori infection

Upper endoscopy to view the stomach lining

With these tests, doctors can find the cause and decide on the best treatment for you.

Treatment Options for Gastritis

Treatment for gastritis depends on the cause. Often, simple changes and medicines can help. Here are some common gastritis treatment options:

Antibiotics to treat H. pylori infection

Medicines to reduce stomach acid, such as antacids or proton pump inhibitors

Stopping or changing pain relievers that irritate the stomach

Avoiding alcohol and spicy foods

Most people feel better within days of starting treatment. However, it is important to finish any prescribed medicine, even if you feel well.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

There are steps you can take to prevent gastritis or reduce your risk. For example, you can:

Wash your hands often to avoid infections

Limit alcohol and avoid smoking

Eat smaller, more frequent meals

Avoid foods that upset your stomach

Manage stress with relaxation techniques

Take pain relievers only as directed

By following these tips, you can help protect your stomach lining and lower your chances of stomach inflammation.

When to See a Doctor

Sometimes, gastritis can lead to serious problems if left untreated. You should see a doctor if you:

Have stomach pain that does not go away

Notice blood in your vomit or stool

Feel weak, dizzy, or lose weight without trying

Have ongoing nausea or vomiting

Early treatment can prevent complications and help you feel better sooner. Therefore, do not wait if you have any of these symptoms.

In summary, gastritis is a common condition that affects many people. With the right care and lifestyle changes, most cases improve quickly. Consult a gastroenterologist for personalized advice on gastritis.