Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is typically performed in an outpatient setting and usually takes about 30 to 60 minutes. It is done under sedation or light anesthesia to ensure the patient is comfortable and relaxed during the procedure. Patients are monitored throughout the procedure for safety, and most people experience only mild discomfort or bloating afterward.

Prior to a colonoscopy, the patient must undergo bowel preparation to clear the colon of any stool. This preparation typically involves following a specific diet for a day or two, along with taking laxatives or other solutions to ensure the colon is completely empty. Proper bowel preparation is crucial for a successful colonoscopy, as it allows for optimal visualization of the colon lining.

Colonoscopy is an essential screening tool for colorectal cancer, especially for individuals over the age of 50 or those with a family history of colorectal cancer. It is recommended as a routine screening every 10 years for people at average risk. If polyps are found during the procedure, they can often be removed immediately, reducing the risk of developing colorectal cancer in the future.

While colonoscopy is generally safe, potential risks include bleeding, perforation (tear) of the colon, or reactions to sedation. However, the procedure is highly effective in detecting and preventing colorectal cancer and other significant gastrointestinal conditions.